Niacin, also known as nicotinic acid, is an organic compound and a form of vitamin B3, an essential nutrient known for its calming effect and treating insomania. Vitamin B3 is a vitamin that includes three forms: nicotinamide (niacinamide), niacin (nicotinic acid), and nicotinamide riboside. All three forms of vitamin B3 are converted within the body to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD).

Melatonin is a natural harmone made by the pineal gland. This pea-sized gland located just above the middle of the brain. When darkness occurs, the pineal gland begins to actively produce melatonin, which is released into the blood promoting sleep.

As we age, natural levels of 5-HTP appear to decline. 5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) is an amino acid that is needed by the body to produce serotonin. At times of stress, the body produces less of 5-HTP and constantly low serotonin levels which is associated with sleep disorders, anxiety, depression etc.